Eastern Europe

Depopulation in Belarus from 2021-2040 will result from negative natural change and flat migration, as deaths outweigh live births. Higher living standards will drive ageing, with a rise in the 65+ population shaping consumer trends and spending. As…

Continuing depopulation in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 2021-2040 will be driven mainly by natural decrease, though negative net migration rates after 2023 will also influence this trend. Ageing will accelerate further as birth rates decline and…

Depopulation in Bulgaria in 2021-2040 will be driven by natural decrease, but negative net migration in most years will also contribute. Ageing is set to accelerate with Bulgaria remaining among the top three oldest regional countries, thus impacting…

Further depopulation in Croatia in 2021-2040 will be driven by a combination of natural decrease and negative net migration. Ageing, illustrated by rapid growth in older cohorts, will affect consumer trends and place more pressure on state resources.…

Driven mainly by natural decrease Eastern Europe will be the only world region to experience depopulation in 2021-2040. Ageing will remain a significant trend over the timeframe, impacting the consumer landscape and putting pressure on government…

Depopulation in Estonia in 2021-2040 will be driven by natural decrease. Ageing will be a key trend, impacting consumer trends and putting further pressure on state resources. Urbanisation will slow slightly while Tallinn remains the dominant city.…

Natural decrease and negative net migration will drive depopulation in Georgia in most years up to 2040. Rapid ageing will be illustrated by extreme growth in 70+ cohorts, impacting consumer trends and placing further pressure on state resources.…

Continuing depopulation in Hungary in 2021-2040 will be driven by natural decrease. Ageing will accelerate, affecting consumer trends and putting pressure on state finances. Urbanisation will quicken and Budapest will continue to be the most populous…

Natural decrease will be the main driver of depopulation in Latvia in 2021-2040. Low birth rates and climbing longevity will result in an acceleration of ageing, impacting consumers trends and placing an increasing burden on state resources. Latvia’s…

After a brief period of expansion, depopulation will resume in Lithuania in 2023-2040, as net migration turns negative once more, and natural decrease continues. Ageing will accelerate, impacting consumer trends and placing increased pressure on…