Asia Pacific

Pakistan’s business environment is limited by an unstable macroeconomic environment and prevalent corruption. Moreover, a difficult financing landscape and relatively weak labour market, with complex regulations and a significant gender gap, limit…

Myanmar struggles with lack of political and economic stability, weak financial sector and widespread corruption, limiting its business environment. The country also face increasing issues with its vast informal labour market, poor financial system,…

Japan stands among leading economies globally, offering friendly business environment, stable and transparent judicial system, advanced mobility and logistics infrastructure, highly skilled labour and strong innovative capabilities. Financial…

In 2022, the Philippines struggled with monetary freedom and judicial effectiveness, and has seen a decline in its tax burden ranking. However, the country’s flexible business regulations, convenient location and financial sector improvements have…

Singapore continues to lead in terms of economic freedoms globally, offering major opportunities for businesses. Its favourable regulations, investment incentives, high innovation capacity, skilled workforce and high productivity offer a solid base…

In 2022, Vietnam's business environment enjoyed a large working-age population and political stability. Vietnam is emerging as a tech and electronics export hub, with machinery and electronics accounting for a significant portion of its GDP. However,…

South Korea is expected to experience a moderate increase in the number of households over 2022-2027, with single-person households continuing to dominate. In 2022, household spending was impacted by a 5.1% inflation rate, leading to higher living…

The digitalisation and expansion of high-tech industries in South Korea are poised to fuel consumer growth, surpassing the regional average. The rise of a burgeoning middle class and an expanding affluent consumer segment will serve as pillars for…

China is projected to experience a moderate increase in the number of households between 2022 and 2027, with single-person households becoming the leading type. Household heads are expected primarily to be older males, aged 60+ years, with secondary…

In 2022, the Philippines was characterised by low-income households; however, per capita gross income is projected to increase in real terms between 2022 and 2027. The Middle Youth population is set to become the dominant group in the top-income…

Japan is set to witness a slight increase in the number of households between 2022 and 2027, with single-person households remaining the leading household type. In 2022, household spending was impacted by a 2.5% inflation rate, resulting in higher…

The number of households in the Philippines grew in 2022, with couples with children remaining the leading household type. Disposable income per household is projected to rise in real terms over 2022 and 2027, while the unemployment rate is set to…

Per capita income levels in Japan are among the highest regionally, but are set to record a slight decline in real terms over the period to 2027. Medium-term consumer market development is set to be hindered by deepening social and gender inequality,…

The number of households is set to increase moderately in India over 2022-2027, as couples with children remain the dominant household type. The fastest household expenditure growth is set to be recorded by couples without children households, with…

With Hong Kong’s economy reopening, consumer spending and income growth are expected to accelerate. However, elevated prices lead to more cautious consumer behaviour, while income inequalities persist at high levels, with wealth concentrated among a…

The number of households is set to increase moderately in Hong Kong over 2022-2027, with couples with children remaining the dominant type. In 2022, household spending was notably affected by elevated prices, with a fifth of annual household spending…

With India’s strong economic development, consumer spending and incomes are expected to grow at a comparatively faster pace. However, elevated prices will continue to pressure the vast low-income class, while income inequalities will continue to…

The number of households is set to increase moderately in Singapore over 2022-2027, with couples with children remaining the dominant household type. In 2022, household spending was affected by inflation, which stood at 6.1%, elevating living costs.…

The number of households is set to increase moderately in Indonesia, with couples with children remaining the dominant household type by 2027. The fastest household expenditure growth is set to be recorded by couples without children households, yet…

The number of households is set to increase moderately in Malaysia over 2022-2027, with couples with children remaining the dominant household type. In 2022, household spending was affected by inflation, which stood at 3.4%, elevating living costs.…